Products and Rates
Bank Products, Bonds, and Other Investments
Financial Content
Investing, Stocks, Economy, Value, Income, Buffett, Passive, Dividends, Retirements, Recession, Apple, Stock, Dividend, Retirement, Google, Real estate, Housing, Market, Inflation, Banks, Stock market, China, Oil, Interest rates, Iphone.
Financial Terminology
Compare
Low Risk Investment Options
- Accrued
Interest - Interest earned on a security that
has not yet been paid to the investor.
- Annual
Percentage Yield (APY) - The percentage required
to be disclosed in Truth in Savings regulations on
interest-bearing deposit accounts (savings accounts
and CDs). This number reflects the total interest
to be received over a 365-day year according to the
bank's own method of compounding. Therefore, the use
of APY creates a level playing field through which
to compare returns from bank accounts and CDs that
may use differing compounding methodology. Ordinarily,
cash equivalents other than those offered by banks
and FCUs do not use APY methods of compounding. To
compare a non-bank or FCU-issued products with the
APY of a product issued by one of these institutions,
it is ordinarily necessary to adjust upward the non-APY
rate by between 6 and 10 basis points (.06% to .10%),
depending on the frequency of interest payments or
accrual of that product.
- Ask
Price - The price being sought for the security
by the seller.
- Ask
Yield - The return that an investor would receive
on a fixed income security were they to purchase it
at the ask price.
- Basis
point - One percentage point of one percent. The
difference between 2.00% and 2.01% is one basis point.
The difference between 2.00% and 2.02% is two basis
points. The difference between 2.00% and 2.50% is
fifty basis points.
- Bid
Price - The amount at which a buyer would purchase
a security.
- Call
Option - A right to purchase a security at a certain
price at a specified time, usually given for a payment
of some sort.
- Callable
Bonds - Bonds that the issuer may redeem at specified
dates and prices. Municipal bonds and agency bonds
are often callable. The Treasury has not issued callable
bonds since 1985.
- Coupon
- The part of a bond certificate that denotes the
amount of interest due, and on what date and where
payment will be made. In the past, bondholders presented
actual coupons to receive the interest due. Book-entry
systems have made coupons obsolete, but coupon
has become a common expression for interest rate.
- Current
Yield - The percentage return on a bond based
on its current market price and its original interest
rate. A bond or CD for which you paid $1,000 and that
pays you $60 annually would have a current yield of
6%.
- Discount
- The amount under face value paid for a security.
A security trading at 99% of face value is said to
be trading at a 1% discount under par. A security
trading exactly at 100% of face value is trading at
par value. The opposite of premium.
- Face
amount - Par value (principal or maturity value)
of a security.
- Hedge
- An investment made to minimize the impact of adverse
movements in interest rates or securities prices.
- Issuer
- The entity that issues a debt security and is obligated
to pay interest and principal.
- Laddering
- A technique for reducing the impact of interest-rate
risk by structuring a portfolio with different instruments
that mature at different dates.
- Liquidity
- The ability to quickly convert an investment into
cash. A bank account that you can withdraw money from
at any given moment without a penalty offers the best
liquidity. Other investments that allow quick conversion
to cash (or that mature quickly after purchase) are
said to also be liquid. Long-term bonds are generally
considered less liquid. Real estate investments are
perhaps the least liquid investment class.
- Maturity
- The date on which the issuer of a security is obligated
to redeem the security (exchange the security for
cash in the amount of face value plus accrued interest).
- Premium
- The amount over face value paid for a security.
If a security is selling for 101% of face value, it
is said to be trading at a 1% premium over par. A
security trading exactly at 100% of face value is
trading at par value. The opposite of discount.
- Put
- A right to sell a security at a certain price at
a specified time, usually given for a payment of some
sort.
- Secondary
market - Market for issues previously offered
or sold.
- Yield
- The annual rate of return earned on a security.
This is an expression of the relationship between
the cost of the security, the interest received and
the profit or loss, if any, from its sale.
- Yield
to maturity - A yield based on the assumption
that the security remains outstanding to maturity.
It represents the total of coupon payments until maturity,
plus interest on interest, and whatever gain or loss
is realized from the security at maturity.
- Zero
coupon bond - A bond on which no periodic interest
payments are made. The investor receives one payment
at maturity that includes principal and interest.